Adelphi

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APA Style/Citations
You will be asked to use APA syle for your writing assignments. This dictates the format of both in text citations and the citations in your reference list. The 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association and the APA Style Guide to Electronic References provide the information needed. Some other helpful resources for citing articles in APA style can be found at Citing Sources: Documentaion Guidelines for Citing Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism and APA Formatting and Style Guide. It is important to note that all entries in the Reference List must have corresponding in text citations.

Citations consist of facts about a book, article, or other type of information resource that identifies the resource and is needed to locate it, fill out an Interlibrary loan form, and prepare an entry for a reference list or bibliography. Each database entry includes the elements that make up a citation.

Example of a citation in the CINAHL database:
Medication error reduction and the use of PDA technology.Preview (includes abstract); Greenfield S; Journal of Nursing Education, 2007 Mar; 46 (3): 127-31 (journal article - case study, research, tables/charts) ISSN: 0148-4834 PMID: 17396552 CINAHL AN: 2009527704

An APA citation for an article in print with the journal in hand consists of the following elements:

Author’s name
Date (in parentheses)
Title of article
Title of journal (in italics)
Volume and issue numbers (in italics)
Pages

Example of an APA citation for an article in print with the journal in hand:
Greenfield., S. (2007). Medication error reduction and the use of PDA technology.
Journal of Nursing Education, 46 (3), 127-131.

An APA citation for an article retrieved from an electronic database consists of the following elements:

Author’s name
Date (in parentheses)
Title of article
Title of journal (in italics)
Volume and issue numbers (in italics)
Pages
DOI or URL of journal home page

Example of APA citation for an article retrieved from an electronic database:
Greenfield., S. (2007). Medication error reduction and the use of PDA technology. Journal of Nursing Education, 46 (3), 127-131. Retrieved from http://www.journalofnursingeducation.com

In-Text Citations:
APA style requires that writers provide citations within the text of their writing when they are quoting or referring to someone else’s work. This is in addition to the Reference list they must provide at the end of their paper, essay, or article.

Example of an in-text citation:
In her research on PDA technology, Greenfield (2007) found that some medication errors can be reduced if nurses have PDAs to consult for information on medication administration

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Interlibrary Loan, etc.
If you can’t find the book, dissertation, or aticle that you need, we can get it for you from another library. Simply fill out the Interlibrary Loan request form online and you will be notified when to come and pick up the item(s) you have requested. In special cases, you may be permitted to go in person to another library and borrow books that the Adelphi Libraries do not have. These libraries are members of Long Island Libraries Resources Council's Research Loan Program that allows for reciprocal borrowing. You must ask a Reference Librarian for a referral. For books, also see Connect NY.

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Health Statistics
See How to Find Health Statistics on the Library Home Page

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Internet Resources by Topic
Links to Nursing Internet Resources on the following topics are available under Research by Subject: Nursing

- Advocacy
- Aging
- Aids/HIV
- Alternative Healing
- Cancer
- Careers/Employment/Licensing
- CINAHL
- Collection Development
- Consumer Health/Patient Education
- Diseases
- Drugs-Formulary, etc.
- Eating Disorders
- Evidence Based Medicine/Nursing
- Healing Arts
- Health: Miscellaneous
- Hospitals
- Informatics
- Information Literacy
- Journals
- Men's Health
- Nursing: Clinical
- Nursing: Miscellaneous
- Nursing Theory
- Nutrition
- Research
- State Nursing Boards
- Statistics
- Transcultural Nursing
- Women's Health

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Capstone and Master's Projects / Theses and Dissertations
The Library receives two copies of all master's and capstone projects and doctoral dissertations authored by students in the School of Nursing. They are cataloged and a record for each can be be found in Alicat. One copy is designated as archival and is shelved in the University Archives located in New Dorm. Archival copies are not available for circulation. The second copy is shelved in the Theses stacks on C Level in Swirbul Library and is available to be checked out. (Some older master's projects shelved on C Level and stamped "arvhival copy" may only be used in the library. Dissertations from other institutions are shelved by call number in the circulating stacks.

To find all Adelphi nursing theses and dissertations in Alicat, search by the subject Nursing Dissertations. You can also search for Adelphi theses and dissertations in the Current Research @ database, in which you can find abstracts from 1980 to the present, and view 24 page previews and download the full text of theses and dissertations published after 1996.

Search the Dissertations & Theses: Full Text database to find citations and abstracts for dissertations from other universities.

Search for Dissertations in the CINAHL database by limiting your search to Publication Type: Doctoral Dissertation

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Plagiarism/Academic Dishonesty
Plagiarism is one form of academic dishonesty. It is a violation of the Adelphi University Code of Academic Honesty and is an academic crime with serious consequences. Using someone else’s words, expressions, ideas, or findings as your own is one form of plagiarism. Many professors include a statement about plagiarism in their syllabi. Make sure to read each syllabus so that you fully understand your professor's requirements and restrictions regarding writing assignments. Questions about understanding and preventing plagiarism can be directed to your professor, the Reference Librarians, and the Writing Center. The following are two of the many internet resources that can help you to avoid plagiarism: Plagiarism: Its Nature and Consequences and Writing a Research Paper: Plagiarism.

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Tests and Measures and Nursing/Research Instruments
This section was adapted from Johns Hopkins University Library Guides - Psychology - Psych Tests
"The following shows you how to find information about tests and how to find the tests themselves. Generally, the majority of commercially available instruments must be purchased from publishers. Tests that are not commercially available may be found in books, journal articles, printed reports, or available from the author. Finding scales and measures often requires thorough searching of print and electronic library resources. Use the links below to help you perform those searches."

Finding Background Information: Note: call numbers refer to Swirbul Library (Garden City Campus)

Mental Measurements Yearbook
Z5814.P8 B932 (covers yearbooks 1-15)
Ref Desk Z5814.P8 B932 (current volume 16)
"Contains reviews of tests covering educational skills, personality, vocational aptitude, psychology, and related areas. For each test, you can find the author, publisher, scoring information, and at least one review of the test."

Mental Measurements Yearbook Index (covers yearbooks 9 - 15)
A comprehensive index of tests reviewed in the Mental Measurements Yearbook series, from the 9th MMY (1985) to the present.

Tests in microfiche. Annotated index. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Service, 1975-to date.
Index (1975-1987) at Ref Desk Microfiche Z5814 E9 E4

Tests in Print
Ref Desk Z58114.E9 T47
"Covers published and commercially available tests in psychology. Each entry consists of the test title, intended population, publication date, author, publisher, foreign adaptations, and references.".

Tests
Ref Desk BF176.T43
"Contains information on thousands of testing instruments in psychology, education, and business. For evaluative techniques or data on reliability, validity, or norms, please refer to Test Critiques (see below)."

Test Critiques
Ref Desk LB3051.T419
"Designed as a companion to Tests (BF176.T43). Test Critiques includes supplemental information such as psychometric information on reliability, validity, and norm development."

Directory of Unpublished Experimental Mental Measures, v 1(1974) - v8(198)
Ref BF431.D624
These volumes supplement the Mental Measurements Yearbook.

Educational Testing Service Test Link
The Educational Testing Service provides information on more than 25,000 research instruments and standardized tests. Some foreign tests are included.

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Tests and Measures and Nursing/Research Instruments cont.

Finding Instruments in Scholarly Literature Using Library Databases:
"While many scholarly articles describe studies conducted with psychological tests, they do not usually include the test itself. But you can still find a lot of information about the tests in this literature. Enter the name of the test to locate research articles in which the instrument was used. You can also use the databases to locate instruments as well. Use the advance search screen and enter your keyword term or concept: Example 'empathy' , 'coping' , 'domestic violence' on the first search box provided. In the second line after the 'AND' connector add several variations of the term to retrieve measurements using 'OR' in between each term on the same line: Example 'test' or 'survey' or 'questionnaire' or 'scale' or 'instrument'."

Health and Psychosocial Instruments (HAPI)
"Covers 1985-present. Contains articles describing questionnaires, rating scales, index measures, scenarios, vignettes, observations, checklists, manuals, etc. Under 'Limit to,' select Primary Source or Secondary Source. Primary Source means the citation is the original source for the instrument. Secondary Source means the instrument was originally developed by another author or for another study. Use reliability and validity as keywords to locate instruments with tested psychometric properties."

PsychInfo
"Covers 1887-present. This database covers mainly journal articles (includes some books and other material) relevant to psychology, education, medicine, business, sociology, and psychiatry. Start with a keyword search to find articles relating to a type of inventory and then combine it with a keyword search using the word appended. This will find instruments relating to a specific subject that are included in the article appendix."

PubMed
"Covers 1966-present. Contains citations from a broad array of biomedical journals. Useful MeSH (medical subject headings) include questionnaires, psychological tests, health status rating scales, psychiatric status rating scales, and personality inventory. In PubMed, not all instruments fall under MeSH headings, so try a keyword search such as pregnancy AND questionnaire. Other keywords to consider include inventories, scale measure, measurements, survey, and psychometrics."

CINAHL
Covers 1937-present. CINAHL covers nursing, allied health, biomedicine, and consumer health journals. Any article reporting a research study that uses an instrument has the name of the instrument recorded in the Instrumentation field. In the search box, enter the instrument name and select IN Instrumentation from the drop-down box." You can also limit your search to Publication Type: Research Instrument..

ERIC
"Covers 1976-present. ERIC focuses on the U.S. education literature. Phrases to use in your search include: screening tests, diagnostic tests, disability identification, ability identification, and talent identification."

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Tests and Measures and Nursing/Research Instruments cont.

Finding Instruments in Books: (In Alicat, search for the subject, "nursing research methodology.")

Assessing and measuring caring in nursing and health science.
RT42 .W38 2009

Communication Research Measures: A Sourcebook
P91.3 .C62 1994
"Part one gives an overview of the areas in the communication discipline which use quantitative measures. Part two contains descriptive summaries of 62 measures, including validity and reliability information. Most of the measures are also provided."

Handbook of Family Measurement Techniques, 3 vols.
Ref Desk HQ728.H267 2001
"Volume one contains abstracts describing 976 measures developed between 1929-1986. Volume two covers the period 1987-1996. Descriptions in these two volumes include reliability/validity information, references, sample items, and available from information. Areas covered include dimensions of family/marital interaction, intimacy and family values, parenthood, and roles and power. Volume three includes 168 selected examples of actual instruments described in the two volumes of abstracts. A subject index is also included in volume three."

Handbook of Research Design and Social Measurement
Ref. H62.M44 2002
See Part 6, "Selected Sociometric Scales and Indexes." Scales cover areas such as social status, group

Holistic nursing
RT42 .B53

Instruments for clinical health-care research
RT81.5 .I57 2004

Instruments for measuring nursing practice and other health care variables
Ref. RT73 .U56

Instruments for use in nursing education research
RT73 .C53 1989

The measurement of attitudes toward people with disabilities: methods, psychometrics, and scales.
HV 1553 A62 1988

Measurement in Nursing and Health Research. 3rd ed. (Appendix A lists resources)
RT 81.5 .W36 2005

The measurement of health: concepts and indicators.
RA 407 L37 1991

Measurement of Nursing Outcomes
RT85.5 .M434 2001
A collection of tools that measure client outcomes, nursing performance, clinical skills, and client self-care and coping skills.

Measures of personality and social psychological attitudes.
BF 698.4 M38 1991

Measuring Health: A Guide to Rating Scales and Questionnaires
RA408.5 .M47 1996
"Includes reviews, descriptions, test properties, etc., for rating scales and questionnaires that cover topics such as physical disability, pain, psychological well-being, and quality of life".

Scales for the measurement of attitudes.
BF 378 A75 S45

Self efficacy in nursing : research and measurement perspectives
RT42 .S435 2002

Sex and gender issues: a handbook of tests and measures.
Ref. BF 692 B38 1990

Tests and Measures in the Social Sciences: Tests Available in Compilation Volumes
"Compiled by Helen Hough, Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Texas at Arlington, this is an index of full text measures in print monographs. Eighty sources are included and searchable by author or keyword. The tables-of-contents for the sources are also available." If the test is located in a printed source use ALICAT to see if Adelphi has a copy of the source.

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Tests and Measures and Nursing/Research Instruments cont.

Finding Instruments on Internet Sites:

Guide to tests and measurements from University of Michigan, Taubman Medical Library

Instruments for measuring nursing practice and other health care variables

Locating psychological and educational tests and measurements from University of Michigan Social Work Library

Nursing instruments and measurement from Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Resources For Nurses

Nursing research guide from Rutgers University Library

Research Instruments Developed, Adapted or Used by the Stanford Patient Education Research Center.
Instruments are in English and Spanish for research subjects with chronic diseases. They are free and do not require permission to use.

Research instruments in CINAHL from Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Resources For Nurses

Sources for Nursing Research Instruments from San Diego State University Library

Super Sleuthing: Learning to Track Those Elusive Tests & Measurement Instruments from University of Michigan School of Public Health Library

How to find tests and Measures from University of Michigan School of Public Health Library

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Tutorials:

Information Literacy Tutorial (TILT) a basic tutorial for beginning students

Searching for Qualitative & Quantitative Research Articles Using the CINAHL Database a step by step interactive tutorial

Conducting a Literature Review in Education & Behavioral Sciences a multi module tutorial

CINAHL Plus with Full Text: A Crib Sheet a guide from Humboldt State University Library

PubMed Tutorial "Web-based learning program that will show you how to search PubMed®, the National Library of Medicine's (NLM®) journal literature search system."

The Cochrane Library Help a series of guides and tutorials on the Cochrane Library web site.